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br Acknowledgments Studies in the Tomkinson
2021-07-08
Acknowledgments Studies in the Tomkinson laboratory on DNA ligase III are supported by research grants from the National Institutes of Health (P01 CA92584 and ES12512 to AET), a grant from the V Foundation and the University of New Mexico Cancer Center. Introduction Ionizing radiation (IR) as
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br Author Contributions br Acknowledgments br
2021-07-08
Author Contributions Acknowledgments Introduction Many anticancer agents bind covalently to DNA, introduce bulky adducts, and inhibit DNA metabolic processes including repair, replication and transcription.1., 2., 3. Frequently, the first enzymes to encounter DNA adducts are DNA helicases.
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br Materials and methods br Results br
2021-07-08
Materials and methods Results Discussion To date, several reports have suggested an involvement of DGK in bipolar disorder. A splice variant at the COOH-terminus of DGKβ has been related to bipolar disorder [15] and DGKβ KO mice showed hyperactive behavior [17]. For the other DGK isoforms,
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98014 Studies of Jelski and Szmitkowski show that difference
2021-07-08
Studies of Jelski and Szmitkowski show that differences of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity between 98014 of many cancers and healthy tissue may be one of the factors intensifying carcinogenesis [7]. Moreover, changes of ADH and ALDH activity in cancer cells ar
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br Acknowledgements br This work was supported by grants fro
2021-07-08
Acknowledgements This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.: 30260088) and the prophase research for National “973” Project of China (Grant No.: 2007CB116203). The DNA sequences of Hbvp1 and the Hbvp1 promoter were deposited in GenBank, an
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br O GlcNAcase Human OGA is a multidomain
2021-07-07
O-GlcNAcase Human OGA is a multidomain protein with an N-terminal domain similar to glycoside hydrolase family 84 (GH84) enzymes, a stalk domain, a C-terminal pseudo histone acetyltransferase (HAT) domain, and several low-complexity regions (Figure 1f) [43]. A splice variant that lacks the HAT do
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ACE also known as Kininase II is
2021-07-07
ACE also known as Kininase II is an important enzyme of the Renin angiotensin 4-DAMP system (RAAS) (Novo et al., 1987), it is believed to be a potent blood pressure regulator and also plays a crucial role in activation of the bradykinin receptor via inactivation of bradykinin which works to induce
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Previous studies in the Swiss Webster
2021-07-07
Previous studies in the Swiss Webster mouse (Rosengren et al., 1995) and the Sprague–Dawley rat (El Sisi et al., 1993) have shown that retinol pretreatment potentiates the hepatotoxicity of paracetamol. The current study is designed to investigate further this interaction in mice. To accomplish this
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br Substoichiometric substrate modification E ligases cataly
2021-07-07
Substoichiometric substrate modification E3 ligases catalyze the rapid transfer of the SUMOD from the E2 enzyme to the substrate. By definition, enzymes are recycled in the reaction, allowing multiple rounds of substrate modification by a single enzyme. Thus, enzymes function at substoichiometric
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Another mechanism underlying on the
2021-07-07
Another mechanism underlying on the toxicity of dopaminergic neurons might be related to dopamine-dependent initial oxidative stress [60]. Dopamine hygromycin b mediated by monoamine oxidase (MAO) can produce hydrogen peroxide as a by-product, and excess dopamine can undergo auto-oxidation to quino
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Given the widespread occurrence of
2021-07-07
Given the widespread occurrence of oncogene-induced RS and the increasing clinical interest in small molecule inhibitors that further exacerbate RS in human cancers (such as ATR inhibitors), our findings point to a protective role for RAD52 in the maintenance of cancer cell viability. As such, RAD52
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Sp family protein has been regarded as
2021-07-07
Sp family protein has been regarded as the housekeeping gene and is ubiquitously expressed. Although Sp family expression is regulated with some stimuli [17], [20], the total Sp family protein levels are not changed in most cases, as observed in our present study (Fig. 4). Constitutive binding of th
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br Introduction DNA ligation is required
2021-07-07
Introduction DNA ligation is required during DNA replication and to complete almost all DNA repair events. In human cells, the DNA ligases encoded by three LIG genes are responsible for joining interruptions in the phosphodiester backbone [1]. These enzymes have distinct but overlapping functions
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Effect of a C C double bond
2021-07-07
Effect of a C4-C5 double bond — The presence of a double bond at the substrate’s C4-C5 position affects the reactivity of Δ1-KSTDs to varying extent, depending on the enzyme. Most 3-ketosteroids that are converted by Δ1- KSTDs have this double bond. For some Δ1-KSTDs this double bond is even require
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In humans CYP A major isoforms of CYP
2021-07-07
In humans, CYP3A4/5, major isoforms of CYP3As in the liver, have variants that reduce the enzyme activities [33], [34]. In addition, Werk et al. recently reported the first case of a complete failure of CYP3A enzyme activity due to homozygous loss-of-function mutation of CYP3A4 combined with nonfun
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